How do you effectively share a computational process? You could simply share a directory of source code and rely on shared conventions – shared programming language, shared tooling for build and runtime environments, a README.

You have a data-intensive research problem. Custom software will help you solve it.

“Centralization”. “Mapping”. These are overloaded concepts. They mean different things in different contexts.

Scientific data is distributed over time. For a given entity of interest, have we already recorded all potentially relevant data on its properties, relationships, and representations?